To expand the above, some of your electrical circuits are 'earthed' to the engine/gearbox/transfer case and some to the chassis, but both have to go to the battery negative. Some cars have the battery to the engine and some to the chassis, with a separate connection between the engine and chassis - somewhere.
Connecting both to the battery is necessary as the engine is on rubber mounts and hence not very well connected to the chassis. Having a branched cable is actually rather unusual.
failure of the connection between the engine and the chassis can result in some surprising effects such as I remember on one occasion (actually in a Series 2a) when the starter was playing up, and when you operated the starter, the speedo lit up.
John
JDNSW
1986 110 County 3.9 diesel
1970 2a 109 2.25 petrol
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