Originally Posted by
Lotz-A-Landies
Hi Mick
I may well be in the minority, often am, but it is not as simple as you suspect. Even if there was no such thing as freight (discussing in the abstract here), road infrastrusture will always be required for people to move locally into town, medium distances between regions and long distances between cities, so the cost of building and maintaining road infrustructure can be spread across a larger population of users or in fact across the whole population.
Rail freight requires similar infrastructure but users are restricted people who own trains, so the cost has to be borne by a smaller population of users with difficulty in justifying the costs to the whole population, particularly when the rail infrastructure is in regional and remote areas not linking major population areas.
No lets look at the costs of the actual vehicles, a tractor and trailer/s has to be structurally able to carry itself, the payload and the trailers following, essentially meaning every item has a little cost of the weight of the total tractor trailer combination. The rail locomotive are exceptionally powerfull and able to tow huge payloads and rolling stock. The rolling stock however have to be significantly stronger (esentially over engineered) because not only do they have be strong enough to carry their individual load but strong enough to tow sometimes dozens of rolling behind them so just like the tractor trailer, freight on rail has a little extra added on for the over engineering of the rolling stock and detracting from the efficiencies of size of the railway locomotive.
Rail marshalling yards, unlike roadfreight yards which just need large expanses of ground, gravel or concrete with minimal maintenance, rail freight requires marshalling yards for all the freight arriving and departing, plus the rolling stock not in use, signalling equipment, people to maintain track and signalling equipment and staff to monitor the operation of rail traffic signalling infrastructure.
The load logistical infrastructure in road and rail freight while dependant on the nature of the load may be similar at the depot. But rail freight still needs road transport infrastructure and trucks to pick up or deliver the freight to the customer. These road costs need to be transferred from road to rail for the final calculation of rail freight efficiencies.
So back to my original statement (above) rail freight is very efficient for bulk loads and high capacity freight corridors, but can not match road for vendor to customer speed or outside high volume corridors like Melbourne to Brisbane.