My son is a civil engineer. A couple of years ago he told me that any new infrastructure around rail lines (bridges and tunnels over and under) had to be designed to take double deck containers.
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Undoubtedly - but that means no access to Melbourne, Sydney or Brisbane, all of which are on the coast, and for all of them, the cost of land acquisition means using the existing rail corridors.
Worth pointing out as well that while the Inland Rail from Melbourne to Brisbane is using some new corridors, for most of the distance it is using existing rail corridors, and often existing track. And some of the delays in construction can be attributed to problems with establishing new corridors, especially in the NSW Central West and Qld Darling Downs. (Local politics and NIMBY!)
The is the UK older train conversion Phillip HydroFLEX Hydrogen-powered Train, United Kingdom
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/2...climate-change
The story is interesting as it sets out a cost of electrification in the UK as 750000 to 1000000 UK pound per kilometer (AUD$1,970,945.00 if at the upper end!
"Hydrogen-powered trains are less expensive, because they don’t require massive track overhauls and they can be created by retrofitting existing diesel trains. "
My poor maths guess puts Sydney to Melb 878km , Melb to Brisbane 1702km meaning overhead electrification costs a very rough
Melb - Brisbane $ 3,354,548,390.00
Melb (878)Sydney- (921) Brisbane $1,730,490,631.00
Cost of a Cordia Ilint or any of the American freight hydrogen train test are going to be well under 1/2 a billion.
Capturing the energy created during braking via regenerative braking rather than dissipating via resistors, the normal case today, reduces the amount of hydrogen that has to carried onboard the locomotive.) is already a part of EVs
20kg of hydrogen for range of 50-70 miles on the UK Hydroflex compared to French Coradia iLint 600 miles. Suspect the Americans with similar huge distances may be first with a H2 freight train.
Each of the new stories highlight the primary issues of the current main method creating hydrogen is from gas. With billions now being invested to be the first mover in Green or blue hydrogen with a R.O.I. to make this from a fairy tail to reality.
It is fairy tail until production of H2 is more efficient than just buring the gas to produce it as it is today [biggrin]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmQYQ-hm9aQ
We once did a bridge replacement over the railway at Wallerawang, near Lithgow. It was going to cost heaps more to raise the bridge deck as a heap of approach roads would have to be raised as well. We ended up not raising the clearance to double container height due to the tunnels further east, and the fact that practically, they were never going to be raised so double stacked containers would never happen.
I have an idea that double stacked containers are used today from Perth (or somewhere near there) to Parkes. Maybe someone else knows for sure.