Originally Posted by
Silenceisgolden
Proper multi-stage DC-DC converters charge at a constant current (bulk charge) until the drain from the subject battery drops to a certain level then they charge at a constant voltage (Absorb mode) for a fixed time, after which they drop to a lower constant voltage in float mode.
The constant current rating of the charger should be selected to match the maximum safe charging rate of the house battery, and the fixed voltage stages (absorb and float) are selected to suit the battery chemistry.
This charges the battery completely and safely. When charging from an alternator it is not possible to drop into float mode when the house battery is fully charged, so life of the house battery is reduced due to over charging. Similarly, the alternator has no way of knowing the safe maximum charge rate of the house battery so it can easily overcharge it in both modes.
That is why DC-DC chargers were invented........