1. Patented 1869, first mass produced 1898 by Ernst Sachs for use on bicycles.
Free wheel units were commonly included to the rear of the gearbox in up-market cars, particularly from the UK, in the 1930s. This is because with free wheel, almost as soon as you disengage the clutch, the gearbox will stop rotating, enabling an easy, noiseless change to any gear without needing synchromesh - and the clutch engagement will be smooth as well, since the drive will not be taken up until the gearbox output shaft is going as fast as than the tailshaft. Rover was fitting freewheel units to their cars from 1932.
2. The freewheel lock was provided to enable front wheel engine braking as well as four wheel drive in reverse.
John

