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* 1892: February 23, Rudolf Diesel obtains a patent (RP 67207) titled "Arbeitsverfahren und Ausführungsart für Verbrennungsmaschinen".
* 1893: Diesel's essay titled Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat-engine to Replace the Steam Engine and Combustion Engines Known Today
* 1897: On August 10 Diesel builds his first working prototype in Augsburg
* 1898 Diesel licenses his engine to Branobel, Russian oil company, that is interested in the engine which can consume non-distilled oil. Branobel's engineers spent 4 years designing ship-mounted engine.
* 1899: Diesel licenses his engine to builders Krupp and Sulzer, who quickly become major manufacturers.
* 1902: until 1910 MAN produced 82 copies of the stationary diesel engine.
* 1903: Sormovo Shipbuilding Yard launches "Vandal" oil-tanker - first ship propelled by diesel engine.
* 1904: The French build the first diesel submarine, the Z.
* 1905: Four diesel engines turbochargers and intercoolers were manufactured by Büchl (CH), as well as a scroll loader from Creux (F) company.
* 1908: Prosper L'Orange develops with Deutz a precisely controlled injection pump with a needle injection nozzle.
* 1909: The prechamber with hemispherical combustion chamber is developed by Prosper L'Orange with Benz.
* 1910: The Norwegian research ship Fram is the first ship of the world with a diesel drive, afterwards Selandia was the first trading vessel. By 1960 the diesel drive had displaced steam turbine and coal fired steam engines.
* 1912: The Danish built first diesel ship MS Selandia. The first locomotive with a diesel engine.
* 1913: U.S. Navy submarines use NELSECO units. Rudolf Diesel died mysteriously when he crossed the English Channel on the SS Dresden.
* 1914: German U-boats are powered by MAN diesels.
* 1919: Prosper L'Orange obtains a patent on a prechamber insert and makes a needle injection nozzle. First diesel engine from Cummins.
* 1921: Prosper L'Orange builds a continuous variable output injection pump.
* 1922: First vehicle with (pre-chamber) diesel engine is the Agricultural tractor type 6 of Mercedes-Benz agricultural tractor OE Benz Sendling.
* 1923: first truck with diesel engine made by MAN, Benz and Daimler was tested.
* 1924: The introduction on the truck market of the diesel engine by commercial truck manufacturers in the IAA. Fairbanks-Morse starts building diesel engines.
* 1927: First truck injection pump and injection nozzles of Bosch. First passenger car prototype of Stoewer.
* 1930s: Caterpillar starts building diesels for their tractors.
So commercial production of diesels commenced 1899-1910.
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His first prototype engines were built in 1886. In 1890, in collaboration with Charles Richard Binney, he filed Patent 7146 for Richard Hornsby and Sons of Grantham, Lincolnshire, England. The patent was entitled: "Improvements in Engines Operated by the Explosion of Mixtures of Combustible Vapour or Gas and Air".[2] One such engine was sold to Newport Sanitary Authority, but the compression ratio was too low to get it started from cold, and it needed a heat poultice to get it going.[3]
Akroyd-Stuart's engines were built from June 26 1891 by Richard Hornsby and Sons as the Hornsby Akroyd Patent Oil Engine under licence and were first sold commercially on July 8 1892. It was the first internal combustion engine to use a pressurised fuel injection system.[4]
The Hornsby-Akroyd engine used a comparatively low compression ratio, so that the temperature of the air compressed in the combustion chamber at the end of the compression stroke was not high enough to initiate combustion. Combustion instead took place in a separated combustion chamber, the "vaporizer" (also called the "hot bulb") mounted on the cylinder head, into which fuel was sprayed. It was connected to the cylinder by a narrow passage and was heated either by the cylinder's coolant or by exhaust gases while running; an external flame such as a blowtorch was used for starting. Self-ignition occurred from contact between the fuel-air mixture and the hot walls of the vaporizer.[5] By contracting the bulb to a very narrow neck where it attached to the cylinder, a high degree of turbulence was set up as the ignited gases flashed through the neck into the cylinder, where combustion was completed. As the engine's load increased, so did the temperature of the bulb, causing the ignition period to advance; to counteract pre-ignition, water was dripped into the air intake.[6]
Hot bulb engines were produced until the late 1920s, often being called "semi-diesels", even though they were not as efficient as compression ignition engines. They had the advantage of comparative simplicity, since they did not require the air compressor used by early Diesel engines; fuel was injected mechanically (solid injection) near the start of the compression stroke, at a much lower pressure than that of Diesel engines.[5]
[ame]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Akroyd_Stuart[/ame]