
 Originally Posted by 
drivesafe
					
				 
				..........................................The system ran like this for about 12 months until it was realised that because the lithium had a settled voltage of 13.3v and the cranking battery had a settled voltage of 12.7v, once the motor was turned off, the lithium continually slowly back discharged into the cranking battery.
This was a learning curve for both the D4 owner and myself.
This setup not only continually discharged the lithium while the motor was off, but also meant that as a result of the continual discharging of the lithium while the motor was off, EVERY TIME the motor was started, the alternator was run at full output current to recharge the lithium and cranking battery.
			
		 
	 
 As you say Tim a learning experience for all concerned, similar problems can occur when mixing old and new batterys or lead acids with different chemistrys.
	
		
			
			
				
					
 Originally Posted by 
drivesafe
					
				 
				............................. His current setup is two 180AH lithium batteries mounted in the rear  cargo area and when needed are charged via an Ignition controlled relay,  allowing charging direct from the alternator.
Again, no alternator vaporising when he charges the lithium’s.
			
		 
	 
 Not enough info here Tim. Does the vehicle have a smart or ECU controlled alternator ? Even if it doesn't the answer here may be in the lithium batterys placement in relation to the alternator. Nothing like a bit of resistance to limit current flow. What size cable / earth return to the rear of the vehicle ? Even using 16mm cable with chassis return will go a long way in reducing maximum current flow and subsequent alternator load. 
If you had the same batterys at 20% SOC 1 metre from a (dumb) alternator and connected with 35mm cable you might have a very different outcome. 
	
		
			
			
				
					
 Originally Posted by 
drivesafe
					
				 
				............................. He also tows a large caravan which has four 100Ah lithium batteries charged via a DC/DC charger.
So why is he not replacing his alternator every time he goes on a trip?
			
		 
	 
 
Pretty obvious really, it doesn't matter if he's got fifty lithium batterys in the caravan the DC-DC charger is doing its job and limiting current to the caravan batterys 
All in all it's probably a pretty good example of clever design using a mixture of conductor size and smart electronics to limit alternator load. With solar on the van and prioritised over alt. for charging via the DC-DC even better 
Regarding the video, as Arthur points out it wasn't really a good apples vs. apples comparison but if the aim was to highlight the advantages of an externally regulated /temperature compensated alternator over a standard dumb alternator then IMO it did the job. Perhaps a bit like the Maccas adds on TV, a bit of 'gilding the lilly' involved 
The fact remains that when left to their own devices lithium batterys charge faster and harder than  similar sized lead acid batterys. When additional batterys, especially lithiums, are added to a vehicles charging system it may be overloaded and fail. One way of overcoming this problem is to use an alternator with a smart regulator such as this.
Universal Advanced Digital Alternator Regulator Pro Reg DW (waterproof | Sterling Power Products
Another is to use a DC-DC power supply such as this to optimise battery charging and limit alternator load.
LiFePO4 Lithium B2B 12V-12V DC to DC Battery Charger Booster Charging Converter  | eBay
"Oils, aint oils ............. sol", and Lithium batterys aren't all the same either. Just as with lead acid batterys where there are various 'types' such as deep cycle, starting, standby etc and differing chemistrys with the addition of  calcium and silver etc to the mix as well as construction type such as flooded cell, AGM, Gel etc the same is true for lithium.
 Last time I looked there were a dozen or so lithium chemistrys and construction types being used to make batterys for different applications. A good example of this is seen when comparing a lithium house battery with a lithium cranking battery.
A typical lithium house battery may be N.70 size with 100-120 ah of capacity and weigh in at around 12 Kg. Maximum discharge current may be limited to around 100 amps or so. Basically a 'deep cycle' type battery for low current use over a long time and no good for winching or engine starting but will run the fridge and inverter OK. These are the most common type.
Your average lithium start battery (vehicle replacement battery) may also be N.70 size but usually smaller with 60 ah of capacity and weigh in at around 8 kg and be rated at 1300 cca or so. Obviously of different construction to a deep cycle type as it offers high current for a short time or the opposite to the deep cycle. A good general purpose starting battery but no good for running the Engel for a couple of days.
Obviously the lithium start battery is limited by design not to overload the alternator but as it's only half the capacity this may be part of the reason.
Deano 
				
			 
			
		 
			
				
			
				
			
			
				66 SIIA SWB .......73 SIII LWB diesel wgn
86 RR 'classic'......99 Range Rover P38a
94 Defender 110..95 Defender 130 Ute
96 D1 300TDi.......99 D2 TD5 (current)
04 D2a Td5..........02 Disco 2 V8
			
			
		 
	
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