I'll stick my neck out

and offer the opinion that the numbers are not too bad!

weight and aerodynamic drag are the biggest killers of fuel economy. As Rupert has also pointed out, having the option of running on gas means that the vehicle is not optimised for petrol...
Once you exceed about 80kmh the drag increases according to the inverse square law... double speed means x4 times drag... so you have x9 drag at 90kmh vs 30kmh etc. Carrying a roof top tent, spare fuel containers etc means that your drag coefficient is high to begin with. Add to that approx. 3/4 tonne payload, roughroads etc and you're heading into small tray truck equivalents. The V8s were/are virtually all of the low compression variety and so while they are under stressed, they are also much less efficient..
I've been wrestling with this also (1999 Bosch 4.6) . A rough cost benefit to get an improvement of say 4L/100 km equates to $6 (say $1.50 /litre) or 6c/km. A $7000 "fix" to achieve this equates to about 116, 000 km to break even at today's prices ....
I've concluded it's all too hard and so am concentrating on maintaining the vehicle in good condition and storing as much as possible inside, taking as little as possible and driving 'sedately'... last trip to Sydney with 4 adults and luggage ...about 10.5 hrs actual driving time each way... a shade over 12.2 L/100km.
FWIW... a cousin recently traded his Audi Q7 3L Tdi on a new LC 200 diesel (after a confrontation over a $12, 000 repair demand for a new fuel pump ...only a couple of months after warranty expired..).. anyway, his Toyo gets about 11.8 on the hwy unloaded and 17-18 loaded with camping gear ...roof rack etc
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