Not quite right. If Australia ceased coal exports, this would, as suggested raise the world coal price, and the cost of generating power from coal. Which would speed the replacement of coal fired plants by renewable/nuclear/gas plants because generating it from coal just got more expensive.
Greenhouse gas emissions per head is a furphy; the climate is only affected by totals, so until you multiply emissions per head by population, the figure is meaningless. And most especially, if it is not coupled with population growth numbers.  Australia has high per capita emissions, and one of the world's highest population growths among developed economies.
But in another sense, Australia's lack of action on reducing emissions is not a furphy. It is highly probable that failure to act will result in what are effectively sanctions on our exports to high value markets in Europe - which, ironically, would increase Australia's reliance on fossil fuel exports.
The problem for governments in ceasing coal exports though, is not so much the effects on coal mining areas, but the loss of direct income especially to NSW and Qld governments of royalty from the coal mined, and personal and company tax and GST from the economic activity involved. Coal mining in Australia is big business and big tax, which governments are very reluctant to interfere with, quite apart from the overall economic issues which would arise from ceasing coal exports. 
While not Australia's largest export, coal is still a significant export, and if this ceased, it would exert downward pressure on the $A, resulting in economywide price increases for our mostly imported consumer goods, offset in part by benefits for exporters. It is not at all clear to me what the overall economic balance would be, although long term it would probably be beneficial to the country, even if not in dollar terms. Which, of course, is small comfort to those who lost their career or whose shareholding and retirement plans just got dashed.
				
			 
			
		 
			
				
			
			
				John
JDNSW
1986 110 County 3.9 diesel
1970 2a 109 2.25 petrol
			
			
		 
	
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