Watkin Tench Diary . Verified by study by University of NSW for correlation of his thermometer.December 27th 1790. Wind NNW; it felt like the blast of aheated oven, and in proportion as it increased the heat was foundto be more intense, the sky hazy, the sun gleaming through atintervals.At 9 a.m. 85 degrees At noon 104 Half past twelve 107 1/2 Fromone p.m. until 20 minutes past two 108 1/2 At 20 minutes past two109 At Sunset 89 At 11 p.m. 78 1/2[By a large Thermometer made by Ramsden, and graduated onFahrenheit's scale.]December 28th.At 8 a.m. 86 10 a.m. 93 11 a.m. 101 At noon 103 1/2 Half anhour past noon 104 1/2 At one p.m. 102 At 5 p.m. 73 At sunset 691/2[At a quarter past one, it stood at only 89 degrees, having,from a sudden shift of wind, fallen 13 degrees in 15minutes.]My observations on this extreme heat, succeeded by so rapid achange, were that of all animals, man seemed to bear it best. Ourdogs, pigs and fowls, lay panting in the shade, or were rushinginto the water. I remarked that a hen belonging to me, which hadsat for a fortnight, frequently quitted her eggs, and shewedgreat uneasiness, but never remained from them many minutes atone absence; taught by instinct that the wonderful power in theanimal body of generating cold in air heated beyond a certaindegree, was best calculated for the production of her young. Thegardens suffered considerably. All the plants which had not takendeep root were withered by the power of the sun. No lasting illeffects, however, arose to the human constitution. A temporarysickness at the stomach, accompanied with lassitude and headache,attacked many, but they were removed generally in twenty-fourhours by an emetic, followed by an anodyne. During the time itlasted, we invariably found that the house was cooler than theopen air, and that in proportion as the wind was excluded, wascomfort augmented.But even this heat was judged to be far exceeded in the latterend of the following February, when the north-west wind again setin, and blew with great violence for three days. At Sydney, itfell short by one degree of what I have just recorded: but atRose Hill, it was allowed, by every person, to surpass all thatthey had before felt, either there or in any other part of theworld. Unluckily they had no thermometer to ascertain its preciseheight. It must, however, have been intense, from the effects itproduced. An immense flight of bats driven before the wind,covered all the trees around the settlement, whence they everymoment dropped dead or in a dying state, unable longer to endurethe burning state of the atmosphere. Nor did the 'perroquettes',though tropical birds, bear it better. The ground was strewn withthem in the same condition as the bats.
109F is 42.778C.
I saw 46C in Melbourne on the car outside temp sensor at Springvale the day before Ash Wednesday in 1981?
Regards PhilipA



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